Which description matches Down syndrome?

Which description matches Down syndrome?

• A. A condition caused by an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21
• B. A language-based learning disability
• C. A motor disorder due to brain injury
• D. A genetic condition not associated with cognitive delay

Answer: (A)

Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21. This additional genetic material affects development and is typically associated with some level of cognitive delay and characteristic physical features, though abilities vary widely. The description that mentions an extra copy of chromosome 21 is the precise match. The other descriptions refer to different scenarios: a language-based learning disability alone, a motor disorder from brain injury, or a genetic condition not associated with cognitive delay, none of which accurately capture Down syndrome.

Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21. This additional genetic material affects development and is typically associated with some level of cognitive delay and characteristic physical features, though abilities vary widely. The description that mentions an extra copy of chromosome 21 is the precise match. The other descriptions refer to different scenarios: a language-based learning disability alone, a motor disorder from brain injury, or a genetic condition not associated with cognitive delay, none of which accurately capture Down syndrome.